Cervical cancer is a type of cancer that originates in the cervix, which is the lower part of the uterus connecting to the vagina. Let’s delve into the details:
- Symptoms:
- In the early stages, cervical cancer may not cause noticeable symptoms.
- As it progresses, you might experience:
- Vaginal bleeding after intercourse, between periods, or after menopause.
- Menstrual bleeding that is heavier and longer than usual.
- Watery, bloody vaginal discharge that may have a foul odor.
- Pelvic pain or discomfort during intercourse.
- Causes:
- Cervical cancer begins when healthy cells in the cervix undergo changes in their DNA.
- These changes prompt the cells to multiply rapidly, defying their natural life cycle.
- The accumulation of these abnormal cells can lead to the formation of a tumor.
- Most cervical cancers are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), a common virus transmitted through sexual contact.
- Types of Cervical Cancer:
- The two main types are:
- Squamous cell carcinoma: This accounts for approximately 70% of cervical cancer cases. It arises from the squamous cells lining the cervix.
- Adenocarcinoma: Less common (about 25% of cases), it originates higher in the cervix and can be more challenging to diagnose.
- The two main types are:
- Risk Factors:
- HPV infection: Persistent infection with HPV is the primary risk factor.
- Sexual activity: Early sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, and unprotected sex increase the risk.
- Smoking: Smoking is associated with a higher likelihood of developing cervical cancer.
- Weakened immune system: Conditions like HIV/AIDS weaken the body’s ability to fight infections.
- Family history: A family history of cervical cancer may elevate the risk.
Remember that regular screening tests and the HPV vaccine can significantly reduce the risk of cervical cancer
